The Business Model Canvas (BMC) is a Lean Startup template for developing and documenting new or existing business models.
Alexander Osterwalder developed this template based on his earlier work on business model ontology.
It allows you to create a business plan on a one-page canvas. The canvas has nine building blocks: Customer Segments, Value Proposition, Channels, Customer Relationships, Revenue Streams, Key Activities, Key Resources, Key Partnerships, and Cost Structure.
You can find a detailed explanation in his bestselling book "Business Model Generation."